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Types of Coffee Beans Behind every cup of coffee that we enjoy, are carefully graded bean. These beans are evaluated by their size color, shape, and density. The AA grade is granted to coffee beans that meet the criteria mentioned above, with the exception that they can't have more than 3 defects (quakers). Typically these are Kenya AA beans. Arabica Arabica coffee beans are also known as Coffea Arabicica and are the most coveted coffee bean in the world. According to the legend coffee was discovered by the goatherder of Ethiopia after he noticed that his herd was more full of energy when they ate the fruit of the plant. This led him experiment with roasting the seeds and brewing them, creating the drink that we enjoy today. There are a variety of coffee plants, but only two are used in the production of our favourite brews – robusta and arabica. The former is generally considered superior to the other, and this is evident in the flavor of the finished beverage. There are many different arabica cultivars, with each having its own unique flavour profile. Typica and Bourbon are two of the most sought-after arabica cultivars. All other arabica varieties were derived from these two varieties either through natural mutations or deliberate crossbreeding. Scott Labs developed the SL28 cultivar in Kenya and is renowned for its distinct chocolaty flavor. The flavour of a given arabica variety is determined by the environmental conditions in which it is grown, and also on how it is handled and roasted. The type of shade trees receive can have a significant impact on the final product. Robusta Robusta coffee beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most well-known variety of coffee. They are the beans used in the majority of instant coffees. They also have twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica Coffee Beans. They also are used to make many espresso blends including cappuccino, caffe latte, and many other coffee drinks. The Coffea Canephora plant originated in Sub-Saharan Africa, but it has since been grown all over the world. It can be grown at lower elevations and tolerate higher temperatures than Arabica coffee plants, which makes it more suitable for farmers. Vietnam is the world's biggest producer of robusta followed by Brazil and Indonesia. The robusta plant is a good coffee however it's not a favorite among cupping enthusiasts because of its bitter taste and burnt-rubber hints. It's often regarded as an inferior coffee and the majority of large coffee companies employ arabica beans for their premium products. The demand for specialty coffees is growing and small roasters are exploring to take advantage its superior qualities. Our Valhalla Java and Death With Coffee are two examples of exceptional robusta coffees, which are mixed with arabica to provide the perfect balance of flavor and strength. These are carefully procured from Uganda where robusta was grown for long periods of time. You can read more about them here. Liberica Liberica coffee beans are rare and rarely used throughout the world. They account for less than 2% of worldwide coffee consumption. They are often overlooked since they don't have as much caffeine as Arabica and Robusta do. Coffeee have a distinct flavor that many coffee drinkers find irresistible. Liberica coffee beans, despite being extremely rare and extremely scarce, are still quite popular in some parts of Asia. They are most popular in Malaysia and Indonesia, which have large Muslim population. In these countries, the coffee industry has been strong for many years. Drinking a cup coffee following a prayer is a part of their customs. Liberica coffee's roots go back to the 1890s which was the time when a global epidemic caused by rust on the coffee leaf decimated the arabica crop. The event spurred coffee producers to look for a robust plant that could flourish in tropical climates. They soon found the Liberica. Liberica plants are resistant to pests and diseases which makes them a great replacement for the destroyed arabica crop. Liberica also has the ability to grow in hot temperatures and lower altitudes, which enabled it to thrive in the climate of Southeast Asia. Liberica beans are the basis for the majority of the coffee that is produced in the Philippines and Indonesia. Excelsa Although it is rare for coffee lovers to come across excelsa beans, they are quickly gaining recognition for their distinctive flavor. According to Komal Sable of South India Coffee Co. who is a fifth generation farmer of coffee, these beans have a similar teardrop-shaped shape, but are much smaller. However, despite this family resemblance it is important to remember that excelsa is technically not a separate species. It's not clear how to categorize excelsa beans. This confusion is to blame for the low the presence of these beans in the contemporary coffee world. Because of this, a lot of growers, roasters, and brewers don't know how to cultivate and use these beans effectively. It is ultimately up the individual to determine whether they enjoy the flavor of the coffee excelsa and it may take a time to find a blend that fits their tastes. It's crucial to be flexible and test every type of coffee until you find the one you like. By doing so you'll be able to experience the full potential these unique beans have to provide. It's a journey worth the effort.